Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) (All Items)

6342983 transit-oriented development 1 apa 50 date 1 1 title 1854 https://www.thehousinghub.ca/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/

%7B%22status%22%3A%22success%22%2C%22updateneeded%22%3Afalse%2C%22instance%22%3Afalse%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22request_last%22%3A0%2C%22request_next%22%3A0%2C%22used_cache%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22data%22%3A%5B%7B%22key%22%3A%22ULJWCWVZ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6342983%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Freemark%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222020%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BFreemark%2C%20Y.%20%282020%29.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F1078087418824672%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BUpzoning%20Chicago%3A%20Impacts%20of%20a%20Zoning%20Reform%20on%20Property%20Values%20and%20Housing%20Construction%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BUrban%20Affairs%20Review%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B56%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%283%29%2C%20758%5Cu2013789.%20https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F1078087418824672%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Upzoning%20Chicago%3A%20Impacts%20of%20a%20Zoning%20Reform%20on%20Property%20Values%20and%20Housing%20Construction%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Yonah%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Freemark%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22What%20are%20the%20local-level%20impacts%20of%20zoning%20change%3F%20I%20study%20recent%20Chicago%20upzonings%20that%20increased%20allowed%20densities%20and%20reduced%20park%5Cu00ad%20ing%20requirements%20in%20a%20manner%20exogenous%20of%20development%20plans%20and%20neighborhood%20characteristics.%20To%20evaluate%20outcomes%2C%20I%20use%20differencein-differences%20tests%20on%20property%20transaction%20prices%20and%20housing-unit%20construction%20permits.%20I%20detect%20significant%2C%20robust%20increases%20in%20values%20for%20transactions%20on%20parcels%20that%20received%20a%20boost%20in%20allowed%20building%20size.%20I%20also%20identify%20value%20increases%20for%20residential%20condominiums%2C%20indicating%20that%20upzoning%20increased%20prices%20of%20existing%20housing%20units.%20I%20find%20no%20impacts%20of%20the%20reforms%2C%20however%2C%20on%20the%20number%20of%20newly%20permitted%20dwellings%20over%20five%20years.%20As%20such%2C%20I%20demonstrate%20that%20the%20short-term%2C%20local-level%20impacts%20of%20upzoning%20are%20higher%20property%20prices%20but%20no%20additional%20new%20housing%20construction.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2205%5C%2F2020%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1177%5C%2F1078087418824672%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221078-0874%2C%201552-8332%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F1078087418824672%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-11-14T23%3A20%3A35Z%22%2C%22tags%22%3A%5B%7B%22tag%22%3A%22affordability%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22construction%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22infill%20-%20missing%20middle%20development%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22land%20use%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22regulation%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22rezoning%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22zoning%22%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%229B46UTLT%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6342983%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.metrovancouver.org%5C%2Fservices%5C%2Fregional-planning%5C%2FPlanningPublications%5C%2FReducingBarrierHighLandCost.pdf%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BReducing%20the%20Barrier%20of%20High%20Land%20Cost%3A%20Strategies%20for%20Facilitating%20More%20Affordable%20Rental%20Housing%20Construction%20in%20Metro%20Vancouver%20-%20Phase%202%20of%20The%20Transit-Oriented%20Affordable%20Housing%20Study%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B.%20%282019%29.%20Coriolis%20Consulting%20Corp.%3B%20Wollenberg%20Munro%20Consulting%20Inc.%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22report%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Reducing%20the%20Barrier%20of%20High%20Land%20Cost%3A%20Strategies%20for%20Facilitating%20More%20Affordable%20Rental%20Housing%20Construction%20in%20Metro%20Vancouver%20-%20Phase%202%20of%20The%20Transit-Oriented%20Affordable%20Housing%20Study%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20primary%20objective%20of%20this%20work%20is%20to%20identify%20workable%2C%20financially%20viable%20tools%20to%20reduce%20the%20barrier%20of%20high%20land%20cost%20and%20limited%20land%20availability%20that%20is%20impeding%20the%20construction%20of%20new%2C%20affordable%2C%20purpose-built%20rental%20housing%2C%20particularly%20at%20transit-oriented%20locations.%5Cn%5CnThis%20report%20explores%20four%20main%20strategies%20for%20increasing%20the%20availability%20of%20land%20for%20new%20affordable%20rental%20supply%3A%5Cn1.%20Using%20lands%20already%20owned%20by%20non-profits%2C%20local%20governments%2C%20and%20senior%20governments%20for%20affordable%20housing%2C%20and%20finding%20creative%20ways%20to%20add%20to%20this%20inventory%20of%20land.%5Cn2.%20Using%20the%20rezoning%20process%20and%20associated%20tools%20to%20create%20new%20development%20entitlements%20%28i.e.%20additional%20density%29%20that%20are%20either%20exchanged%20for%20affordable%20housing%20contributions%20or%20only%20available%20if%20they%20are%20used%20to%20accommodate%20affordable%20housing.%20Density%20bonusing%20for%20affordable%20housing%20and%20Community%20Amenity%20Contributions%20%28CACs%29%20are%20in%20this%20category.%5Cn3.%20Using%20the%20recently%20approved%20%28in%20BC%29%20rental%20residential%20zoning%20tool%20available%20to%20municipalities.%20The%20aim%20behind%20this%20new%20kind%20of%20zoning%20is%20to%20reduce%20the%20market%20competition%20for%20land%20by%20removing%20%28for%20some%20sites%20or%20parts%20of%20some%20sites%29%20strata%20residential%20as%20a%20possible%20use.%5Cn4.%20Establishing%20inclusionary%20requirements%20for%20affordable%20housing%20units%20in%20new%20multifamily%20residential%20development%20projects.%20This%20approach%20imposes%20a%20requirement%20on%20developers%20of%20new%20market%20projects%20%28rental%20or%20strata%29%20to%20provide%20some%20units%20that%20are%20affordable%20for%20households%20at%20defined%20income%20levels.%20This%20adds%20a%20cost%20to%20projects%2C%20which%20can%20impact%20financial%20performance%20and%20which%20may%20affect%20whether%20projects%20proceed%2C%20but%20it%20is%20a%20way%20of%20adding%20to%20rental%20stock%20that%20does%20not%20require%20the%20acquisition%20of%20land%20specifically%20for%20affordable%20rental%20housing.%5Cn%5CnThese%20approaches%20can%20be%20used%20in%20combination.%20It%20is%20common%2C%20for%20example%2C%20to%20combine%20an%20inclusionary%20housing%20requirement%20with%20new%20density%2C%20so%20that%20the%20value%20of%20the%20new%20density%20offsets%20the%20costs%20of%20providing%20affordable%20units.%5Cn%5CnThe%20report%20examines%20how%20these%20strategies%20might%20work%2C%20explores%20the%20market%2C%20financial%2C%20and%20operational%20advantages%20and%20disadvantages%20of%20each%2C%20and%20indicates%20whether%20these%20might%20be%20used%20to%20stimulate%20more%20affordable%20rental%20housing%20construction%20in%20Metro%20Vancouver.%5Cn%5CnThis%20report%20also%20has%20two%20secondary%20objectives%3A%5Cn%5Cu2022%20Suggest%20ways%20to%20improve%20the%20actual%20delivery%20of%20affordable%20rental%20units%2C%20either%20by%20the%20non-profit%20and%20public%20sector%20or%20the%20private%20sector.%20Reducing%20the%20land%20cost%20barrier%20is%20a%20crucial%20part%20of%20the%20solution%2C%20but%20there%20are%20other%20steps%20that%20could%20be%20taken%20to%20expand%20and%20accelerate%20the%20delivery%20of%20new%20units.%5Cn%5Cu2022%20Suggest%20ways%20to%20improve%20the%20integration%20of%20affordable%20housing%20planning%20with%20transit%20planning%2C%20because%20increasing%20affordable%20housing%20at%20transit-served%20locations%20is%20the%20main%20goal%20of%20this%20work.%22%2C%22reportNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportType%22%3A%22%22%2C%22institution%22%3A%22Coriolis%20Consulting%20Corp.%3B%20Wollenberg%20Munro%20Consulting%20Inc.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.metrovancouver.org%5C%2Fservices%5C%2Fregional-planning%5C%2FPlanningPublications%5C%2FReducingBarrierHighLandCost.pdf%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-10-21T17%3A31%3A55Z%22%2C%22tags%22%3A%5B%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Canada%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Transit-Oriented%20Affordable%20Housing%20%28TOAH%29%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Vancouver%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22affordable%20housing%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%20-%20Canada%22%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22M9SSA27F%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6342983%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.metrovancouver.org%5C%2Fservices%5C%2Fregional-planning%5C%2FPlanningPublications%5C%2FTOAHFundBusinessFramework-ECONorthwest2019.pdf%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BTOAH%20Fund%20Business%20Framework%20For%20Metro%20Vancouver%20-%20Final%20Report%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B.%20%282019%29.%20ECONorthwest.%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22report%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22TOAH%20Fund%20Business%20Framework%20For%20Metro%20Vancouver%20-%20Final%20Report%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20second%20phase%20of%20research%20relating%20to%20the%20Regional%20Affordable%20Housing%20Strategy%20includes%20two%20parallel%20processes%20that%20will%20highlight%20for%20policymakers%20and%20practitioners%2C%20key%20information%20and%20points%20of%20leverage%20relating%20to%20the%20effectiveness%20of%20several%20tools%20that%20could%20incentivize%20or%20encourage%20TOAH%20rental%20housing%20across%20the%20region.%20These%20processes%20are%3A%5CnA.%20Research%20by%20a%20team%20of%20Canadian%20consultants%20exploring%20the%20integration%20of%20policy%20tools%20that%20can%20help%20to%20encourage%20TOAH%20development%20across%20the%20Metro%20Vancouver%20region.%5CnB.%20This%20research%20considering%20the%20applicability%20of%20one%20tool%20in%20the%20region%3A%20a%20revolving%20loan%20fund%20that%20would%20finance%20the%20development%20of%20TOAH%20rental%20housing%20across%20the%20region.%20%5Cn%5CnThe%20results%20of%20Research%20Process%20A%20are%20expected%20in%20Spring%202019.%20This%20report%20summarizes%20the%20findings%20and%20recommendations%20from%20Research%20Process%20B%22%2C%22reportNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportType%22%3A%22%22%2C%22institution%22%3A%22ECONorthwest%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.metrovancouver.org%5C%2Fservices%5C%2Fregional-planning%5C%2FPlanningPublications%5C%2FTOAHFundBusinessFramework-ECONorthwest2019.pdf%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-10-21T17%3A32%3A05Z%22%2C%22tags%22%3A%5B%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Canada%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Transit-Oriented%20Affordable%20Housing%20%28TOAH%29%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Vancouver%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22affordable%20housing%20funding%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22affordable%20rental%20housing%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%20-%20Canada%22%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22UMWWRGCG%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6342983%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Kim%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BKim%2C%20C.%20%282019%29.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.pembina.org%5C%2Freports%5C%2Fthe-way-to-go-final.pdf%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BThe%20Way%20to%20GO%3A%20Advancing%20transit-supportive%20development%20in%20the%20Greater%20Toronto%20and%20Hamilton%20Area%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B.%20The%20Pembina%20Institute.%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22report%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20Way%20to%20GO%3A%20Advancing%20transit-supportive%20development%20in%20the%20Greater%20Toronto%20and%20Hamilton%20Area%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Carolyn%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kim%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20purpose%20of%20this%20study%20is%20to%20examine%20the%20benefits%20and%20impacts%20of%20transit-supportive%20development%20and%20the%20housing%20market.%20Specifically%2C%20the%20scope%20of%20work%20includes%20the%20following%3A%5Cn1.%20Identify%20the%20benefits%20of%20transit-supportive%20development%20in%20terms%20of%20household%20savings%20on%20housing%20and%20transportation%20costs%20and%20potential%20increases%20to%20housing%20supply.%5Cn2.%20Select%20two%20GO%20stations%20located%20in%20the%20GTHA%20%28one%20in%20the%20City%20of%20Toronto%20and%20one%20in%20Durham%20Region%29%20as%20illustrative%20examples%20of%20stations%20that%20may%20benefit%20and%20be%20redeveloped%20over%20time%20with%20greater%20transit-supportive%20development.%5Cn3.%20Recommend%20policy%20interventions%20and%20actions%20to%20advance%20transit-supportive%20development.%22%2C%22reportNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportType%22%3A%22%22%2C%22institution%22%3A%22The%20Pembina%20Institute%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.pembina.org%5C%2Freports%5C%2Fthe-way-to-go-final.pdf%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-10-21T17%3A31%3A26Z%22%2C%22tags%22%3A%5B%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Canada%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22GO%20stations%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Ontario%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%20-%20Canada%22%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%229PS7TJ39%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6342983%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Culbertson%20and%20Wagner%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BCulbertson%2C%20D.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Wagner%2C%20C.%20%282019%29.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BTransit-Oriented%20Affordable%20Housing%20%28TOAH%29%20Fund%20Structures%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B.%20Enterprise%20Community%20Partners.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22report%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Transit-Oriented%20Affordable%20Housing%20%28TOAH%29%20Fund%20Structures%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Devin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Culbertson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Carrie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wagner%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20overall%20objective%20of%20this%20project%20is%20to%20advance%20the%20local%20understanding%20of%20the%20role%2C%20benefits%2C%20and%20implementation%20considerations%20of%20a%20regional-scale%20revolving%20loan%20fund%20as%20a%20means%20to%20incentivize%20transitoriented%20affordable%20housing%20development%20across%20the%20Metro%20Vancouver%20region.%20This%20memo%20delves%20into%20the%20structure%20and%20development%20of%20loan%20funds%2C%20using%20models%20from%20across%20the%20United%20States%20as%20instructive%20examples.%20It%20is%20our%20hope%20that%20by%20examining%20the%20structures%2C%20frameworks%2C%20challenges%2C%20strengths%2C%20replicability%2C%20and%20the%20conditions%20unique%20to%20each%20geography%2C%20Metro%20Vancouver%20will%20be%20better%20equipped%20to%20assess%20the%20applicability%20of%20such%20a%20fund%20for%20that%20region.%22%2C%22reportNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportType%22%3A%22%22%2C%22institution%22%3A%22Enterprise%20Community%20Partners%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-10-21T17%3A27%3A52Z%22%2C%22tags%22%3A%5B%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Canada%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Transit-Oriented%20Affordable%20Housing%20%28TOAH%29%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Vancouver%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22afford%20housing%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22international%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22international%20comparisons%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22municipal%20scan%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%22%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22URKWRG3T%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6342983%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Gabbe%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018-05-04%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BGabbe%2C%20C.%20J.%20%282018%29.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2Ffull%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F10511482.2017.1368031%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BHow%20Do%20Developers%20Respond%20to%20Land%20Use%20Regulations%3F%20An%20Analysis%20of%20New%20Housing%20in%20Los%20Angeles%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BHousing%20Policy%20Debate%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B28%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%283%29%2C%20411%5Cu2013427.%20https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F10511482.2017.1368031%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22How%20Do%20Developers%20Respond%20to%20Land%20Use%20Regulations%3F%20An%20Analysis%20of%20New%20Housing%20in%20Los%20Angeles%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gabbe%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22There%20is%20strong%20evidence%20that%20land%20use%20regulations%20constrain%20housing%20production.%20We%20know%20less%20about%20how%20real%20estate%20developers%20respond%20to%20specific%20zoning%20provisions.%20I%20compare%20the%20characteristics%20of%20new%20multifamily%20housing%20with%20baseline%20land%20use%20regulations%20in%20two%20sets%20of%20rail%20station%20areas%20in%20Los%20Angeles.%20I%20supplement%20this%20building-scale%20analysis%20with%20expert%20interviews.%20I%20find%20that%20developers%20were%20most%20sensitive%20to%20density%20restrictions%20and%20parking%20requirements.%20The%20average%20development%20in%20the%20Vermont%5C%2FWestern%20area%20had%20112%25%20of%20the%20maximum%20allowable%20residential%20density%20and%2094%25%20of%20the%20minimum%20required%20parking.%20Koreatown%5Cu2019s%20average%20development%20had%2099%25%20of%20the%20maximum%20density%20and%2088%25%20of%20the%20required%20parking.%20But%2C%20there%20was%20variation%20by%20area%20and%20whether%20a%20building%20was%20affordable%20or%20market%20rate%2C%20apartment%20or%20condominium%2C%20and%20by%20development%20size.%20Additionally%2C%20regulatory%20implementation%20can%20matter%20as%20much%20as%20the%20written%20regulations%20themselves.%20I%20recommend%20that%20cities%20take%20an%20evidence-based%20approach%20to%20reforming%20regulations%20and%20implementation%20processes.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222018-05-04%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1080%5C%2F10511482.2017.1368031%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221051-1482%2C%202152-050X%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2Ffull%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F10511482.2017.1368031%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-03-22T00%3A54%3A48Z%22%2C%22tags%22%3A%5B%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Los%20Angeles%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22US%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22affordable%20housing%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22developer%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22developers%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22land%20use%5C%2Fzoning%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22minimum%20parking%20requirements%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22real%20estate%20development%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%22%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22EBF6HIT5%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6342983%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Luckey%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018-04-03%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BLuckey%2C%20K.%20S.%2C%20Marshall%2C%20W.%20E.%2C%20Durso%2C%20C.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Atkinson-Palombo%2C%20C.%20%282018%29.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2Ffull%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F17549175.2017.1422531%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BResidential%20preferences%2C%20transit%20accessibility%20and%20social%20equity%3A%20insights%20from%20the%20Denver%20region%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BJournal%20of%20Urbanism%3A%20International%20Research%20on%20Placemaking%20and%20Urban%20Sustainability%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B11%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%282%29%2C%20149%5Cu2013174.%20https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F17549175.2017.1422531%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Residential%20preferences%2C%20transit%20accessibility%20and%20social%20equity%3A%20insights%20from%20the%20Denver%20region%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kara%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Luckey%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Wesley%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Marshall%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Catherine%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Durso%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Carol%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Atkinson-Palombo%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Our%20work%20exploring%20preferences%20of%20Denver%20metropolitan%20area%20households%20in%20deciding%20where%20to%20live%20provides%20important%20insights%20for%20regions%20seeking%20to%20leverage%20investments%20in%20transit%20and%20promote%20social%20equity%20through%20transit-oriented%20communities%20%28TOC%29.%20Through%20a%20choice-based%20approach%2C%20we%20find%20evidence%20of%20widespread%20support%20for%20characteristics%20of%20TOC%2C%20with%20similar%20preferences%20for%20transit-%20and%20pedestrian-accessible%20environments%20among%20low-income%20and%20more%20affluent%20households.%20However%2C%20despite%20similar%20preferences%2C%20we%20find%20that%20affluent%20households%20moved%20to%20station%20areas%20after%20the%20arrival%20of%20light%20rail%20in%20much%20larger%20proportions%20than%20low-income%20households%2C%20pointing%20to%20trends%20consistent%20with%20local%20and%20national%20evidence%20of%20increased%20housing%20prices%20%28and%2C%20likely%2C%20gentrification%29%20near%20transit.%20If%20these%20trends%20continue%20without%20additional%20supplies%20of%20housing%20affordable%20to%20lowand%20moderate-income%20households%20in%20transit-rich%20neighbourhoods%2C%20those%20who%20are%20most%20likely%20to%20benefit%20from%20and%20use%20transit%20are%20likely%20to%20face%20increasing%20difficulty%20in%20realising%20preferences%20for%20TOC.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222018-04-03%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1080%5C%2F17549175.2017.1422531%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221754-9175%2C%201754-9183%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2Ffull%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F17549175.2017.1422531%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-02-26T20%3A52%3A23Z%22%2C%22tags%22%3A%5B%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Denver%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22US%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22affordable%20housing%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22social%20equity%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%22%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22DV89KWBE%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6342983%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Palm%20and%20Niemeier%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018-03-04%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BPalm%2C%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Niemeier%2C%20D.%20%282018%29.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2Ffull%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F10511482.2017.1331367%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BDoes%20Placing%20Affordable%20Housing%20Near%20Rail%20Raise%20Development%20Costs%3F%20Evidence%20From%20California%26%23039%3Bs%20Four%20Largest%20Metropolitan%20Planning%20Organizations%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BHousing%20Policy%20Debate%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B28%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%282%29%2C%20180%5Cu2013198.%20https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F10511482.2017.1331367%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Does%20Placing%20Affordable%20Housing%20Near%20Rail%20Raise%20Development%20Costs%3F%20Evidence%20From%20California%27s%20Four%20Largest%20Metropolitan%20Planning%20Organizations%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Matthew%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Palm%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Deb%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Niemeier%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22California%20spent%20over%20a%20billion%20dollars%20supporting%20the%20construction%20of%20subsidized%20affordable%20housing%20in%20rail-adjacent%20neighborhoods%20through%20its%20transit-oriented%20development%20program.%20We%20test%20whether%20placing%20affordable%20housing%20close%20to%20rail%20or%20in%20jobs-rich%20communities%20increases%20development%20costs%20on%20a%20per-unit%20basis.%20We%20constructed%20budget%20and%20land-use%20data%20for%20nearly%20500%20tax%20credit-financed%20affordable%20housing%20sites%20which%20applied%20for%20tax%20credits%20in%20the%20state%20between%202008%20and%202016.%20Through%20hedonic%20cost%20modeling%20and%20spatially%20lagged%20regression%2C%20we%20fail%20to%20find%20a%20significant%20effect%20of%20proximity%20to%20rail%20on%20development%20costs.%20Only%20by%20interacting%20proximity%20to%20transit%20with%20a%20project%20being%20higher%20than%20four%20stories%20do%20our%20models%20yield%20a%20significant%20effect%20of%208%25%20higher%20total%20development%20costs.%20But%20in%20these%20models%2C%20a%20negative%2016%25%20interaction%20term%20suggests%20this%20cost%20impact%20is%20completely%20absorbed%20by%20developers%20by%20building%20above%20four%20stories.%20Beyond%20this%2C%20we%20find%20that%20only%20jobs%5Cu2013housing%20balance%20correlates%20significantly%20with%20per-unit%20development%20costs%3A%20as%20the%20number%20of%20jobs%20relative%20to%20housing%20within%20a%20five-mile%20radius%20of%20a%20site%20increases%20by%201%2C%20per-unit%20development%20costs%20increases%20by%20a%20mere%205%25%2C%20on%20average.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222018-03-04%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1080%5C%2F10511482.2017.1331367%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221051-1482%2C%202152-050X%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2Ffull%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F10511482.2017.1331367%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-03-22T01%3A05%3A16Z%22%2C%22tags%22%3A%5B%7B%22tag%22%3A%22California%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22US%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22affordable%20housing%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22development%20costs%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22jobs%5Cu2013housing%20balance%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%22%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22WABUIKG3%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6342983%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Mueller%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BMueller%2C%20E.%20J.%2C%20Hilde%2C%20T.%20W.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Torrado%2C%20M.%20J.%20%282018%29.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS0169204618300197%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BMethods%20for%20countering%20spatial%20inequality%3A%20Incorporating%20strategic%20opportunities%20for%20housing%20preservation%20into%20transit-oriented%20development%20planning%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BLandscape%20and%20Urban%20Planning%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B177%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20317%5Cu2013327.%20https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.landurbplan.2018.01.003%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Methods%20for%20countering%20spatial%20inequality%3A%20Incorporating%20strategic%20opportunities%20for%20housing%20preservation%20into%20transit-oriented%20development%20planning%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Elizabeth%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mueller%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Thomas%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hilde%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marla%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Torrado%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Cities%20across%20the%20U.S.%20are%20promoting%20more%20compact%20and%20connected%20forms%20of%20development%20as%20part%20of%20a%20broader%20e%5Cufb00ort%20to%20create%20more%20environmentally%20and%20%5Cufb01scally%20sound%20development%20patterns%2C%20under%20the%20banner%20of%20sustainability.%20In%20many%20fast%20growing%20cities%2C%20such%20e%5Cufb00orts%20have%20had%20the%20unintended%20consequence%20of%20fostering%20redevelopment%20of%20currently%20a%5Cufb00ordable%20rental%20housing%20in%20central%20locations%2C%20thus%20further%20limiting%20access%20to%20these%20locations%20for%20low-income%20households%20and%20contributing%20to%20new%20patterns%20of%20economic%20and%20racial%20segregation.%20Integrating%20equity%20concerns%20into%20sustainability%20planning%20has%20proven%20di%5Cufb03cult.%20Advocates%20have%20relied%20on%20a%20variety%20of%20measures%20to%20assess%20the%20average%20vulnerability%20to%20displacement%2C%20transit%20access%2C%20and%20housing%20and%20transportation%20costs%20facing%20households%20of%20various%20types%20across%20neighborhoods.%20We%20propose%20a%20more%20locally%20grounded%20approach%20that%20estimates%20the%20potential%20loss%20of%20a%5Cufb00ordable%20rental%20units%20and%20values%20transit%20for%20the%20access%20to%20employment%20it%20provides%20lowincome%20households%20in%20particular%20locations%20vulnerable%20to%20redevelopment%2C%20thus%20making%20tangible%20the%20overlap%20between%20social%20equity%20and%20environmental%20goals.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2209%5C%2F2018%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.landurbplan.2018.01.003%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2201692046%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS0169204618300197%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-02-26T18%3A41%3A46Z%22%2C%22tags%22%3A%5B%7B%22tag%22%3A%22US%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22affordable%20housing%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22scenario%20planning%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22smart%20growth%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%22%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22EJFBPEZ9%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6342983%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Mackaay%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BMackaay%2C%20A.%20%282018%29.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdigital.library.ryerson.ca%5C%2Fislandora%5C%2Fobject%5C%2FRULA%253A7754%5C%2Fdatastream%5C%2FOBJ%5C%2Fdownload%5C%2FThe_case_for_equitable_transit-oriented_development_exploring_the_link_between_housing_affordability_and_transit_accessibility_in_Burnaby__British_Columbia_.pdf%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BEXPLORING%20THE%20LINK%20BETWEEN%20HOUSING%20AFFORDABILITY%20AND%20TRANSIT%20ACCESSBILITY%20IN%20BURNABY%2C%20BRITISH%20COLUMBIA%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%20%5BRyerson%20University%5D.%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22thesis%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22EXPLORING%20THE%20LINK%20BETWEEN%20HOUSING%20AFFORDABILITY%20AND%20TRANSIT%20ACCESSBILITY%20IN%20BURNABY%2C%20BRITISH%20COLUMBIA%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Amanda%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mackaay%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Transit-oriented%20development%20%28TOD%29%20is%20a%20planning%20model%20that%20concentrates%20compact%2C%20mixed-use%20development%20near%20high%20order%20transit.%20The%20problem%20arises%20when%20the%20intensification%20of%20transit-oriented%20locations%20does%20not%20occur%20in%20an%20equitable%20way%20and%20results%20in%20the%20displacement%20of%20low-income%20households%2C%20who%20are%20arguably%20the%20most%20reliant%20on%20access%20to%20transit.%20Metro%20Vancouver%5Cu2019s%20regional%20growth%20strategy%20%28RGS%29%20supports%20the%20TOD%20model%20by%20designating%20Urban%20Centres%20as%20key%20areas%20to%20absorb%20the%20majority%20of%20the%20region%5Cu2019s%20growth%20and%20development%2C%20as%20well%20as%20transit%20service.%20The%20growth%20targets%20in%20the%20RGS%20have%20led%20to%20the%20rezoning%20of%20many%20Urban%20Centres%20to%20allow%20for%20more%20density%2C%20thereby%20prompting%20redevelopment%20activity.%20The%20City%20of%20Burnaby%20is%20of%20particular%20interest%20because%20it%20has%20been%20experiencing%20a%20significant%20loss%20of%20affordable%20rental%20housing%20in%20low-income%20neighborhoods%20along%20the%20SkyTrain%20line%20as%20a%20result%20of%20the%20redevelopment%20occurring%20within%20its%20designated%20Urban%20Centres.%20This%20research%20provides%20a%20list%20of%20recommendations%20that%20are%20geared%20toward%20helping%20Burnaby%20preserve%20affordable%20rental%20housing%20options%20along%20the%20transit%20corridor.%22%2C%22thesisType%22%3A%22%22%2C%22university%22%3A%22Ryerson%20University%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222018%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdigital.library.ryerson.ca%5C%2Fislandora%5C%2Fobject%5C%2FRULA%253A7754%5C%2Fdatastream%5C%2FOBJ%5C%2Fdownload%5C%2FThe_case_for_equitable_transit-oriented_development_exploring_the_link_between_housing_affordability_and_transit_accessibility_in_Burnaby__British_Columbia_.pdf%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-11-17T16%3A37%3A27Z%22%2C%22tags%22%3A%5B%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Canada%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Vancouver%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22affordable%20rental%20housing%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22density%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22displacement%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22dissertation%5C%2Fthesis%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22low-income%20households%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22redevelopment%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22regional%20growth%20strategy%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22town%20centre%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit%20accessibility%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit%20corridor%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22urban%20centre%22%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22GHDQGK5Y%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6342983%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Kloepper%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BKloepper%2C%20K.%20%282017%29.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fopen.library.ubc.ca%5C%2Fmedia%5C%2Fdownload%5C%2Fpdf%5C%2F310%5C%2F1.0362571%5C%2F5%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BOn%20the%20Wrong%20Track%3F%20%3A%20Perspectives%20on%20Affordable%20Housing%20and%20Transit%20Oriented%20Development%20in%20Metro%20Vancouver%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%20%5BUniversity%20of%20British%20Columbia%5D.%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22thesis%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22On%20the%20Wrong%20Track%3F%20%3A%20Perspectives%20on%20Affordable%20Housing%20and%20Transit%20Oriented%20Development%20in%20Metro%20Vancouver%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karla%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kloepper%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22This%20research%20is%20guided%20by%20the%20following%20questions%3A%5CnR1%29%20Regional%20Restructuring%20Trends%3A%20Where%20are%20the%20poor%20in%20the%20Vancouver%20metropolitan%20region%3F%5CnR2%29%20Policies%20and%20Programs%3A%20What%20planning%20approaches%20are%20being%20used%20to%20mitigate%20%28or%20exacerbate%29%20the%20spatial%20dislocation%20of%20low-%20and%20moderate-income%20households%20in%20these%20communities%3F%5CnR3%29%20Policies%20and%20Programs%3A%20How%20can%20we%20support%20the%20development%20of%20a%20regional%20consensus%20to%20protect%20existing%20%28or%20develop%20replacement%29%20low-income%20housing%20in%20neighbourhoods%20facing%20redevelopment%20pressures%3F%22%2C%22thesisType%22%3A%22%22%2C%22university%22%3A%22University%20of%20British%20Columbia%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fopen.library.ubc.ca%5C%2Fmedia%5C%2Fdownload%5C%2Fpdf%5C%2F310%5C%2F1.0362571%5C%2F5%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-11-17T16%3A37%3A58Z%22%2C%22tags%22%3A%5B%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Canada%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Vancouver%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22affordable%20housing%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22dissertation%5C%2Fthesis%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22gentrification%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%20-%20Canada%22%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%225RLV7ADV%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6342983%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Howard%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BHoward%2C%20J.%20%282017%29.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fsmartech.gatech.edu%5C%2Fbitstream%5C%2Fhandle%5C%2F1853%5C%2F58527%5C%2Fjordan_howard_utilizing_transit_oriented_development_funds.pdf%3Fsequence%3D1%26amp%3BisAllowed%3Dy%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BUtilizing%20Transit%20Oriented%20Development%20Funds%20to%20Finance%20Affordable%20Housing%20Near%20Transit%20Corridors%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BSchool%20of%20City%20and%20Regional%20Planning%20Applied%20Research%20Papers%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Utilizing%20Transit%20Oriented%20Development%20Funds%20to%20Finance%20Affordable%20Housing%20Near%20Transit%20Corridors%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jordan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Howard%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22This%20purpose%20of%20this%20paper%20is%20to%20strongly%20argue%20in%20favor%20of%20the%20establishment%20of%20the%20financing%20mechanism%20known%20as%20Transit%20Oriented%20Development%20Funds%2C%20or%20%5Cu201cTOD%20Funds.%5Cu201d%20The%20funds%20are%20a%20path%20forward%20as%20cities%20and%20regions%20seek%20to%20address%20concerns%20about%20affordability%20and%20equitability%2C%20particularly%20as%20they%20relate%20to%20transit%20corridors.%20Programs%20in%20Denver%2C%20CO%2C%20Seattle%2C%20WA%2C%20and%20the%20Bay%20Area%20in%20Northern%20California%20will%20be%20evaluated%20as%20to%20their%20effectiveness.%20In%20addition%2C%20there%20will%20be%20a%20focus%20on%20what%20is%20permissible%20within%20the%20legal%20framework%20of%20the%20state%20of%20Georgia%20as%20the%20City%20of%20Atlanta%20and%20the%20Metro%20Atlanta%20Rapid%20Transit%20Authority%20%28MARTA%29%20attempt%20their%20own%20Transit%20Oriented%20Development%20program.%20Finally%2C%20other%20popular%20affordable%20housing%20programs%20such%20as%20the%20Low%20Income%20Housing%20Tax%20Credit%20%28LIHTC%29%20and%20New%20Market%20Tax%20Credits%20will%20be%20considered%20and%20contrasted%20with%20TOD%20Funds.%20Some%20of%20the%20criteria%20considered%20when%20evaluating%20a%20particular%20city%5C%2Fregion%5Cu2019s%20programs%20will%20be%20based%20on%3A%5Cn1%29%20Profitability%20--%20Do%20these%20area%5Cu2019s%20programs%20allow%20the%20developers%20to%20not%20only%20cover%20costs%2C%20but%20also%20make%20money%3F%5Cn2%29%20Regulatory%20--%20Do%20these%20programs%20allow%20developers%20enough%20leeway%20to%20make%20the%20projects%20happen%3F%5Cn3%29%20Zoning%20--%20Is%20the%20surrounding%20zoning%20conducive%20to%20the%20program%26%23039%3Bs%20success%3F%20Is%20rezoning%20an%20option%20that%20can%20occur%20in%20an%20expedited%20manner%3F%5Cn4%29%20Government%20Support%20--%20Is%20local%2C%20state%2C%20or%20federal%20support%20necessary%20for%20the%20program%5Cu2019s%20success%3F%5Cn5%29%20Legality%20--%20Is%20the%20program%20broad%20enough%20to%20be%20easily%20applied%20to%20other%20cities%2C%20counties%2C%20and%20states%3F%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fsmartech.gatech.edu%5C%2Fbitstream%5C%2Fhandle%5C%2F1853%5C%2F58527%5C%2Fjordan_howard_utilizing_transit_oriented_development_funds.pdf%3Fsequence%3D1%26isAllowed%3Dy%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-10-21T17%3A29%3A19Z%22%2C%22tags%22%3A%5B%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Transit-Oriented%20Affordable%20Housing%20%28TOAH%29%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22US%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22affordable%20housing%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22land%20value%20capture%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit%20oriented%20development%20funds%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%22%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22GP2R77U9%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6342983%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Dawkins%20and%20Moeckel%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-09-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BDawkins%2C%20C.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Moeckel%2C%20R.%20%282016%29.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2Ffull%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F10511482.2016.1138986%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BTransit-Induced%20Gentrification%3A%20Who%20Will%20Stay%2C%20and%20Who%20Will%20Go%3F%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BHousing%20Policy%20Debate%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B26%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%284%5Cu20135%29%2C%20801%5Cu2013818.%20https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F10511482.2016.1138986%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Transit-Induced%20Gentrification%3A%20Who%20Will%20Stay%2C%20and%20Who%20Will%20Go%3F%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Casey%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dawkins%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rolf%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Moeckel%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Transit-oriented%20development%20%28TOD%29%20has%20been%20promoted%20by%20planners%20and%20policy%20advocates%20as%20a%20solution%20to%20a%20variety%20of%20urban%20problems%2C%20including%20automobile%20traffic%20congestion%2C%20air%20pollution%2C%20and%20urban%20poverty.%20Since%20the%20enhanced%20accessibility%20offered%20by%20transit%20proximity%20is%20often%20capitalized%20into%20land%20and%20housing%20prices%2C%20many%20express%20concern%20that%20new%20transit%20investments%20will%20result%20in%20the%20displacement%20of%20the%20low-income%20populations%20likely%20to%20benefit%20most%20from%20transit%20access%2C%20a%20phenomenon%20which%20we%20term%20transitinduced%20gentrification.%20Whereas%20policy%20advocates%20have%20proposed%20a%20variety%20of%20interventions%20designed%20to%20ensure%20that%20affordable%20housing%20for%20low-income%20households%20is%20produced%20and%20preserved%20in%20areas%20proximate%20to%20transit%20stations%2C%20little%20is%20known%20about%20the%20effectiveness%20of%20these%20policy%20proposals.%20This%20article%20relies%20on%20an%20integrated%20land%20use%5C%2Ftransportation%20model%20to%20analyze%20how%20TODbased%20affordable%20housing%20policies%20influence%20the%20intraurban%20location%20of%20lowincome%20households.%20We%20find%20that%20affordability%20restrictions%20targeted%20to%20new%20dwellings%20constructed%20in%20TODs%20are%20effective%20tools%20for%20promoting%20housing%20affordability%20and%20improving%20low-income%20households%5Cu2019%20access%20to%20transit%20while%20simultaneously%20reducing%20the%20extent%20of%20transit-induced%20gentrification.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016-09-02%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1080%5C%2F10511482.2016.1138986%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221051-1482%2C%202152-050X%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2Ffull%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F10511482.2016.1138986%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22X9NR56RU%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-10-21T13%3A22%3A48Z%22%2C%22tags%22%3A%5B%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Canada%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22North%20America%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22US%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22affordable%20housing%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22gentrification%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22public%20transit%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%20-%20Canada%22%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22FKXRVG6A%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6342983%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Renne%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-09-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BRenne%2C%20J.%20L.%2C%20Tolford%2C%20T.%2C%20Hamidi%2C%20S.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Ewing%2C%20R.%20%282016%29.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2Ffull%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F10511482.2016.1193038%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BThe%20Cost%20and%20Affordability%20Paradox%20of%20Transit-Oriented%20Development%3A%20A%20Comparison%20of%20Housing%20and%20Transportation%20Costs%20Across%20Transit-Oriented%20Development%2C%20Hybrid%20and%20Transit-Adjacent%20Development%20Station%20Typologies%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BHousing%20Policy%20Debate%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B26%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%284%5Cu20135%29%2C%20819%5Cu2013834.%20https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F10511482.2016.1193038%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20Cost%20and%20Affordability%20Paradox%20of%20Transit-Oriented%20Development%3A%20A%20Comparison%20of%20Housing%20and%20Transportation%20Costs%20Across%20Transit-Oriented%20Development%2C%20Hybrid%20and%20Transit-Adjacent%20Development%20Station%20Typologies%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22John%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Renne%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Tara%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tolford%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Shima%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hamidi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Reid%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ewing%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22This%20study%20presents%20a%20comparison%20of%20housing%20and%20transportation%20costs%20%28H%2BT%29%20in%204%2C399%20fixed-route%20transit%20station%20areas%20across%20the%20United%20States.%20Each%20station%20area%20is%20classified%20as%20a%20transit-oriented%20development%20%28TOD%29%2C%20hybrid%2C%20or%20transit-adjacent%20development%20%28TAD%29%20based%20on%20walkability%20and%20housing%20density%20targets.%20Station%20areas%20with%20a%20Walk%20Score%20of%2070%20or%20greater%20and%20a%20gross%20housing%20density%20of%208%20units%20per%20acre%20or%20more%20are%20classified%20as%20TOD.%20Station%20areas%20that%20meet%20just%20one%20of%20these%20criteria%20are%20classified%20as%20hybrids%2C%20and%20those%20that%20do%20not%20meet%20either%20of%20these%20criteria%20are%20categorized%20as%20TAD.%20The%20findings%20reveal%20a%20paradox%20that%20whereas%20TOD%20are%20more%20expensive%20places%20to%20buy%20and%20rent%20housing%2C%20they%20are%20more%20affordable%20than%20hybrids%20and%20TAD%20because%20the%20lower%20cost%20of%20transportation%20offsets%20housing%20costs.%20We%20argue%20that%20policies%20to%20increase%20the%20density%20and%20walkability%20of%20hybrid%20and%20TAD%20station%20areas%2C%20which%20account%20for%20two%20thirds%20of%20all%20station%20areas%20across%20the%20United%20States%2C%20should%20be%20a%20top%20priority%20for%20both%20housing%20and%20transportation%20officials.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016-09-02%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1080%5C%2F10511482.2016.1193038%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221051-1482%2C%202152-050X%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2Ffull%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F10511482.2016.1193038%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22DSBBDI8M%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-03-21T21%3A36%3A41Z%22%2C%22tags%22%3A%5B%7B%22tag%22%3A%22TOD%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22US%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22affordability%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22development%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22housing%20affordability%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22housing%20cost%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22location%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-adjacent%20development%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%22%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22W6PD8XR5%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6342983%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Mpaka%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BMpaka%2C%20G.%20M.%20%282016%29.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fyorkspace.library.yorku.ca%5C%2Fxmlui%5C%2Fbitstream%5C%2Fhandle%5C%2F10315%5C%2F34793%5C%2FMESMP01927.pdf%3Fsequence%3D2%26amp%3BisAllowed%3Dy%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BAffordability%2C%20Transit%2C%20and%20Housing%3A%20A%20case%20study%20of%20Vivanext%20on%20Yonge%20Street%20in%20Richmond%20Hill%20and%20Newmarket%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%20%5BYork%20University%5D.%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22thesis%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Affordability%2C%20Transit%2C%20and%20Housing%3A%20A%20case%20study%20of%20Vivanext%20on%20Yonge%20Street%20in%20Richmond%20Hill%20and%20Newmarket%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Goretti%20Maria%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mpaka%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22This%20research%20concentrates%20on%20individuals%20with%20a%20low%20income%20status%20and%20how%20they%20experience%20the%20connection%20between%20transit%20and%20housing%20affordability%2C%20especially%20those%20who%20want%20to%20access%20areas%20with%20good%20transit.%20An%20Environmental%20Justice%20%28EJ%29%20framework%20and%20the%20Right%20to%20the%20City%20%28RTTC%29%20approach%20are%20employed%20to%20unpack%20equity%20in%20the%20process%20of%20planning%20for%20transit.%20The%20guiding%20question%20of%20this%20research%20is%3A%20For%20whom%20and%20by%20whom%3F%20Who%20benefits%20from%20increasing%20prices%20and%20who%20is%20excluded%20from%20areas%20with%20high%20housing%20costs%20yet%20have%20the%20best%20transit%3F%20This%20paper%20investigates%20the%20connection%20between%20transit%2C%20housing%20and%20poverty%2C%20a%20connection%20that%20does%20not%20receive%20much%20attention%20in%20urban%20planning%20in%20Canada.%20Transit%20Oriented%20Development%20%28TOD%29%20has%20added%20to%20the%20problem%20of%20affordability%20in%20YR%20because%20of%20the%20low%20numbers%20of%20affordable%20housing%20along%20major%20transit%20corridors%20and%20stops.%20As%20York%20Region%20moves%20towards%20active%20transportation%20and%20transit%5Cu2013oriented%20development%2C%20what%20are%20the%20potential%20benefits%20and%20risks%20for%20low%20income%20residents%2C%20given%20the%20already%20high%20housing%20costs%20in%20the%20region%3F%22%2C%22thesisType%22%3A%22%22%2C%22university%22%3A%22York%20University%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fyorkspace.library.yorku.ca%5C%2Fxmlui%5C%2Fbitstream%5C%2Fhandle%5C%2F10315%5C%2F34793%5C%2FMESMP01927.pdf%3Fsequence%3D2%26isAllowed%3Dy%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-11-17T16%3A37%3A12Z%22%2C%22tags%22%3A%5B%7B%22tag%22%3A%22dissertation%5C%2Fthesis%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22housing%20affordability%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit%20access%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit%20equity%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%20-%20Canada%22%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22NIM6RXCN%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6342983%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Rayle%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222015-07-03%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BRayle%2C%20L.%20%282015%29.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2Ffull%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F10511482.2014.951674%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BInvestigating%20the%20Connection%20Between%20Transit-Oriented%20Development%20and%20Displacement%3A%20Four%20Hypotheses%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BHousing%20Policy%20Debate%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B25%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%283%29%2C%20531%5Cu2013548.%20https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F10511482.2014.951674%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Investigating%20the%20Connection%20Between%20Transit-Oriented%20Development%20and%20Displacement%3A%20Four%20Hypotheses%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lisa%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rayle%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Transit-oriented%20development%20%28TOD%29%20has%20become%20a%20predominant%20planning%20model%20in%5Cnmany%20cities.%20However%2C%20although%20access%20to%20public%20transit%20is%20often%20seen%20as%20benefiting%20lowincome%5Cngroups%2C%20in%20some%20cities%20community%20groups%20have%20challenged%20TOD%20plans%20on%20the%5Cngrounds%20that%20they%20could%20cause%20gentrification%20and%20displacement.%20Yet%2C%20empirical%20studies%5Cnhave%20found%20little%20evidence%20that%20gentrification%20actually%20causes%20displacement.%20This%20article%5Cnexamines%20the%20connection%20between%20TOD%20and%20displacement%20in%20urban%20areas%20and%20seeks%20to%5Cnmake%20sense%20of%20the%20apparent%20discrepancy%20between%20community%20opposition%20to%20TOD%20and%5Cnthe%20empirical%20findings%20on%20displacement.%20Four%20explanations%20are%20considered%3A%5Cnmethodological%20shortcomings%20in%20existing%20studies%2C%20insufficient%20attention%20to%20social%20and%5Cnpsychological%20forms%20of%20displacement%2C%20potential%20transportation%20cost%20savings%2C%20and%20use%20of%5CnTOD%20plans%20as%20a%20policy%20target.%20The%20fourth%20explanation%20is%20illustrated%20using%20an%20example%5Cnfrom%20the%20San%20Francisco%20Bay%20Area%20of%20California.%20This%20article%20aims%20to%20synthesize%5Cnliterature%20on%20these%20previously%20separate%20topics%20and%20to%20illuminate%20paths%20for%20future%20research.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222015-07-03%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1080%5C%2F10511482.2014.951674%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221051-1482%2C%202152-050X%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2Ffull%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F10511482.2014.951674%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22X9NR56RU%22%2C%22F9NFQ85Y%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-10-04T13%3A21%3A46Z%22%2C%22tags%22%3A%5B%7B%22tag%22%3A%22San%20Francisco%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22US%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22displacement%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22gentrification%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22redevelopment%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%22%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22SF7C3FQU%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6342983%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Olajide%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222015%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BOlajide%2C%20O.%20%282015%29.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fopen.library.ubc.ca%5C%2Fmedia%5C%2Fdownload%5C%2Fpdf%5C%2F310%5C%2F1.0305734%5C%2F5%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BTRANSIT%20VALUE%20CAPTURE%20FINANCE%3A%20A%20Global%20Review%20towards%20Measuring%20Monetary%20Efficiency%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%20%5BUniversity%20of%20British%20Columbia%5D.%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22thesis%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22TRANSIT%20VALUE%20CAPTURE%20FINANCE%3A%20A%20Global%20Review%20towards%20Measuring%20Monetary%20Efficiency%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Oladapo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Olajide%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22There%20are%20two%20approaches%20to%20land%20value%20capture%20%28LVC%29%3B%20they%20include%20Development%20Based%20Land%20Value%20Capture%20%28DBLVC%29%20and%20Taxation%20Based%20Land%20Value%20Capture%20%28TBLVC%29.%20The%20former%20leverages%20land%20assets%20and%20development%20rights%20in%20transit%20proximate%20areas%20in%20order%20to%20meet%20a%20transportation%20funding%20objective%2C%20whereas%20the%20latter%20leverages%20and%20applies%20taxation%20powers%20and%20instruments%20available%20to%20transit%20agencies%20and%20governments%20on%20transit%20benefitting%20properties.%20DBLVC%20instruments%20discussed%20in%20this%20report%20include%3A%20Direct%20Property%20Development%2C%20Joint%20Property%20Development%2C%20Land%20Sales%2C%20Land%20Lease%20Agreements%2C%20Land%20Readjustments%2C%20and%20Urban%20Redevelopment%20Schemes.%20Direct%20Property%20Development%20and%20Joint%20Property%20Development%20are%20highlighted%20in%20this%20report%20by%20conducting%20case%20studies%20on%20Nanchang%2C%20China%20and%20Hong%20Kong%20Mass%20Transit%20Railway%20%28MTR%29%20Corporation%20respectively.%20TBLVC%20instruments%20discussed%20in%20this%20report%20include%3A%20Tax%20increment%20financing%2C%20Special%20Assessments%2C%20Land%20Value%20Tax%2C%20Betterment%20Charges%2C%20Transportation%20Impact%20Fees%2C%20and%20Station%20Connection%20Fees.%20Betterment%20Charges%20are%20highlighted%20in%20this%20report%20by%20conducting%20a%20case%20study%20on%20London%5Cu2019s%20Crossrail%20Business%20Rate%20Supplement%20%28BRS%29.%20Using%20limited%20public%20financial%20data%2C%20the%20financial%20performance%20of%20the%20three%20highlighted%20LVC%20case%20studies%20%5Cu2013%20Nanchang%20Direct%20Property%20Development%20program%2C%20Hong%20Kong%20MTR%20Rail%20plus%20Property%20program%2C%20and%20London%20Crossrail%20BRS%20-%20are%20assessed%20using%20the%20Transit%20Land%20Value%20Capture%20Cost%20Recovery%20Ratio%20%28TLVCCR%29%20%5Cu2013%20a%20ratio%20comparing%20the%20implementation%20cost%20of%20LVC%20mechanisms%20to%20revenues%20generated.%22%2C%22thesisType%22%3A%22%22%2C%22university%22%3A%22University%20of%20British%20Columbia%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222015%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fopen.library.ubc.ca%5C%2Fmedia%5C%2Fdownload%5C%2Fpdf%5C%2F310%5C%2F1.0305734%5C%2F5%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-11-17T16%3A36%3A59Z%22%2C%22tags%22%3A%5B%7B%22tag%22%3A%22China%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Hong%20Kong%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Southeast%20Asia%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22dissertation%5C%2Fthesis%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22land%20value%20capture%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22property%20development%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transaction%20advice%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transport%20finance%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transport%20planning%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22urban%20development%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22urban%20policy%20and%20governance%20urban%20land%20economics%22%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%225FZ426CP%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6342983%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Jones%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222015%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BJones%2C%20C.%20E.%20%282015%29.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fneighbourhoodchange.ca%5C%2Fdocuments%5C%2F2015%5C%2F07%5C%2Fvancouvers-skytrain-corridor.pdf%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BTransit-Oriented%20Development%20and%20Gentrification%20in%20Metro%20Vancouver%26%23039%3Bs%20Low-Income%20SkyTrain%20Corridor%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BNeighbourhood%20Change%20Research%20Partnership%2C%20University%20of%20Toronto%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Transit-Oriented%20Development%20and%20Gentrification%20in%20Metro%20Vancouver%27s%20Low-Income%20SkyTrain%20Corridor%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Craig%20E%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jones%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20purpose%20of%20this%20research%20project%20was%20to%20complement%20an%20analysis%20of%20regional%20quantitative%20data%20with%20qualitative%20data%20collected%20from%20interviews%20and%20focus%20groups%20to%20provide%20local%20context%20and%20nuance%20in%20neighbourhoods%20that%20appear%20to%20be%20facing%20challenges%20associated%20with%20spatial%20income%20inequality.%20The%20objective%20of%20this%20project%20was%20guided%20by%20five%20research%20questions.%5Cn1.%20Which%20suburban%20neighbourhoods%20in%20the%20Vancouver%20CMA%20contain%20census%20tracts%20that%20exhibit%20a%20coincidence%20of%20low%20average%20individual%20income%2C%20relatively%20high%20concentrations%20of%20recent%20immigrants%20and%20refugees%2C%20high%20rates%20of%20rental%20housing%20disadvantage%2C%20and%20proximity%20to%20rapid%20transit%20infrastructure%3F%5Cn2.%20According%20to%20key%20informants%2C%20what%20processes%20of%20neighbourhood%20change%20are%20currently%20taking%20place%20within%20these%20neighbourhoods%3F%5Cn3.%20How%20do%20various%20factors%2C%20agents%2C%20and%20organizations%20influence%20current%20processes%20of%20neighbourhood%20change%20in%20these%20neighbourhoods%3F%20Of%20particular%20interest%20are%20housing%20and%20tenure%20type%2C%20government%20policies%2C%20and%20proximity%20to%20rapid%20transit%20infrastructure.%5Cn4.%20Why%20do%20residents%20choose%20to%20live%20in%20these%20neighbourhoods%3F%20Of%20particular%20interest%20are%20housing%20costs%2C%20supportive%20social%20networks%2C%20characteristics%20of%20the%20built%20environment%2C%20and%20accessibility%20to%20public%20transportation%20and%20public%20amenities.%5Cn5.%20How%20do%20area%20residents%20perceive%20these%20neighbourhoods%20and%20current%20processes%20of%20neighbourhood%20change%2C%20and%20how%20do%20perceptions%20align%20or%20differ%20between%20places%3F%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222015%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fneighbourhoodchange.ca%5C%2Fdocuments%5C%2F2015%5C%2F07%5C%2Fvancouvers-skytrain-corridor.pdf%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-10-21T17%3A39%3A28Z%22%2C%22tags%22%3A%5B%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Canada%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22Vancouver%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22gentrification%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%22%7D%2C%7B%22tag%22%3A%22transit-oriented%20development%20-%20Canada%22%7D%5D%7D%7D%5D%7D

Freemark, Y. (2020). Upzoning Chicago: Impacts of a Zoning Reform on Property Values and Housing Construction. Urban Affairs Review, 56(3), 758–789. https://doi.org/10.1177/1078087418824672

Reducing the Barrier of High Land Cost: Strategies for Facilitating More Affordable Rental Housing Construction in Metro Vancouver - Phase 2 of The Transit-Oriented Affordable Housing Study. (2019). Coriolis Consulting Corp.; Wollenberg Munro Consulting Inc.

TOAH Fund Business Framework For Metro Vancouver - Final Report. (2019). ECONorthwest.

Kim, C. (2019). The Way to GO: Advancing transit-supportive development in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area. The Pembina Institute.

Culbertson, D., & Wagner, C. (2019). Transit-Oriented Affordable Housing (TOAH) Fund Structures. Enterprise Community Partners.

Gabbe, C. J. (2018). How Do Developers Respond to Land Use Regulations? An Analysis of New Housing in Los Angeles. Housing Policy Debate, 28(3), 411–427. https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2017.1368031

Luckey, K. S., Marshall, W. E., Durso, C., & Atkinson-Palombo, C. (2018). Residential preferences, transit accessibility and social equity: insights from the Denver region. Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability, 11(2), 149–174. https://doi.org/10.1080/17549175.2017.1422531

Palm, M., & Niemeier, D. (2018). Does Placing Affordable Housing Near Rail Raise Development Costs? Evidence From California's Four Largest Metropolitan Planning Organizations. Housing Policy Debate, 28(2), 180–198. https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2017.1331367

Mueller, E. J., Hilde, T. W., & Torrado, M. J. (2018). Methods for countering spatial inequality: Incorporating strategic opportunities for housing preservation into transit-oriented development planning. Landscape and Urban Planning, 177, 317–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.01.003

Mackaay, A. (2018). EXPLORING THE LINK BETWEEN HOUSING AFFORDABILITY AND TRANSIT ACCESSBILITY IN BURNABY, BRITISH COLUMBIA [Ryerson University].

Kloepper, K. (2017). On the Wrong Track? : Perspectives on Affordable Housing and Transit Oriented Development in Metro Vancouver [University of British Columbia].

Howard, J. (2017). Utilizing Transit Oriented Development Funds to Finance Affordable Housing Near Transit Corridors. School of City and Regional Planning Applied Research Papers.

Dawkins, C., & Moeckel, R. (2016). Transit-Induced Gentrification: Who Will Stay, and Who Will Go? Housing Policy Debate, 26(4–5), 801–818. https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2016.1138986

Renne, J. L., Tolford, T., Hamidi, S., & Ewing, R. (2016). The Cost and Affordability Paradox of Transit-Oriented Development: A Comparison of Housing and Transportation Costs Across Transit-Oriented Development, Hybrid and Transit-Adjacent Development Station Typologies. Housing Policy Debate, 26(4–5), 819–834. https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2016.1193038

Mpaka, G. M. (2016). Affordability, Transit, and Housing: A case study of Vivanext on Yonge Street in Richmond Hill and Newmarket [York University].

Rayle, L. (2015). Investigating the Connection Between Transit-Oriented Development and Displacement: Four Hypotheses. Housing Policy Debate, 25(3), 531–548. https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2014.951674

Olajide, O. (2015). TRANSIT VALUE CAPTURE FINANCE: A Global Review towards Measuring Monetary Efficiency [University of British Columbia].

Jones, C. E. (2015). Transit-Oriented Development and Gentrification in Metro Vancouver's Low-Income SkyTrain Corridor. Neighbourhood Change Research Partnership, University of Toronto.